Backcountry Horsemen of California

 

Vital Physiological Values



Equipment Required
Stethoscope - to hear gut sounds and heartbeat.
Watch - with second hand to time heart rate and respiration (15 seconds x 4 = rate/minute).
Ring Top Thermometer - with string and clip.

Evaluation Of Vital Signs
CRT = Capillary Refill Time - thumb pressure on gum under upper lip, release, and count until color returns.
1-2 seconds = normal
increase = shock/blood loss
Color:
    pink = normal
    pale = shock/blood loss
    blue/gray = cardiovascular shock

Refer to numbers on "Horse Points" drawing for locations of the following:

    (1)PULSE - facial artery at middle of lower jaw muscles.
            Horse = (23-70)     44
            Ass = (40-56)       50

    (2) HEART RATE - Behind elbow same as pulse.

    (3) RESPIRATION RATE - Trachea (wind pipe) is best.  Barrel for lung sounds.
            Normal rate = 12 per minute

    (4) GUT SOUNDS - Approximately 1-2 per minute.  Check right and left sides.
            High pitched tinkling = gut distention with fluid and gas
            Low pitched rumbling = movement of large volumes ingesta and gas

    (5)  DIGITAL PULSE - Below sesamoid bones in front of flexor tendons each side.
             Not palpable unless pain or infection in lower leg (hoof), i.e., abscess, laminitis, fracture.
 
    (6)  RECTAL TEMPERATURE = 100 to  101 degrees Fahrenheit.



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